Factors Associated with Bruxism in Children with Development Disabilities - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 637 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2018/12/17 Category Health Essay Type Research paper Level High school Tags: Children Essay Did you like this example? Bruxism is a case where an individual continuously without knowing grinds or gnashes his or her teeth either when deep asleep or on some occasions when wide awake. There are two types of Bruxism; sleep and awake conditions. Sleep bruxism occurs when a person is sleeping and is typically connected to other mental situations like snoring while awake bruxism takes place when a person is consciously active but does not on common grounds aware when clenching his or her teeth. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Factors Associated with Bruxism in Children with Development Disabilities" essay for you Create order Studies show that sleep bruxism is frequent compared to awake bruxism with a wide range of different statistic percentages said to be 5% to 40% globally. In instances where youngsters with psychological malfunctions are involved, the rates range from 28% to 30%. Other studies show that children with growth afflictions, for example, the typical one cerebral palsy are more prone to bruxism disorder compared to the others developing regularly. Also, they are connected to sucking habits among other mental complications. Understanding bruxism in patients with growth disabilities like cerebral palsy can go a long way in helping researchers identify circumstances that lead to them acquiring such illnesses, therefore making it easy for doctors to find treatment for the relevant victims. Research on bruxism was accepted by the Human Research Ethics known as U.F.M.G with several investigations conducted on children with developmental disabilities. Several methodologies were used to compile reports, for instance, dental charts which helped on experimental grounds to find out whether it was factual that youngsters with growth disorders are more susceptible to bruxism. Statistics regulated in the year 1998 January up to December 2013 on a total aggregate of 389 charts helped in the research work, the experiment which was coordinated on an interim of 95% enabled the instruments to be tested quickly (Souza, Abreu, Resende Castilho, 2015). Supervision of thumb sucking was also done and the specimen used in computation as it had the most significant number of children possessing the complication. Adequate information was obtained from the charts of those sick children which helped the spectator in writing his reports on issues he witnessed regarding dental examination. Thes e reports were not one hundred percent legit, but the viewer performed the standard routine procedure in the area of study. For inspection reasons later on, the classification was by children with bruxism being placed under one category and those without the condition put in a different rank altogether. This categorization was compiled after interviews were conducted on the guardians of the children in question. The final report was then submitted to the logistic regression for relevant calculations to determine the p values of the whole study. The scrutiny was done on the entire 389 charts of youngsters of age group one to thirteen to ascertain the exact percentages of bruxism rate. Only twenty of the charts could not provide the correct data needed, and on top of this, the parents of the victimized children also gave a reasonable percentage of detailed information totaling to 36.3%. The study disclosed that females were more vulnerable to bruxism than their male counterparts. Another written account that was observed showed children with gastroesophageal reflux had a higher affinity to bruxism compared to others. Furthermore, those youngsters with reflexive movements were found to be highly liable to bruxism. Results showed that other cases connected to bruxism were mouth breathing and neurological diagnosis. In conclusion, bruxism cannot be clearly related to any gender but two studies conducted have shown that the condition reduces with age among boys. Additionally, there are some characteristics displayed by children with developmental disabilities that make them more susceptible to bruxism with aspects such as reflexive movements, and gastroesophageal reflux are directly connected to bruxism. Reference Souza, V. A. F., Abreu, M. H. N. G., Resende, V. L. S., Castilho, L. S. (2015). Factors associated with bruxism in children with developmental disabilities. Brazilian oral research, 29(1), 01-05.

Personal Space And Body Language Essay - 1142 Words

Personal Space and Body Language Nonverbal Communication Across Cultures Leah Breiss and Brieana Valdez Clark University Author Note This paper was prepared for Management 170 Managerial Communication during the Fall Term 2016 Personal Space and Body Language Nonverbal Communication Across Cultures Introduction Nonverbal communication is a major factor role in every conversation. Eye contact, posture, and personal space determine how verbal communication is interpreted. Personal space is the aspect of nonverbal communication that acts as a backdrop to every other means of interpersonal communication. Learning to use and understand nonverbal communication effectively is extremely important, but can be challenging when one is speaking to someone of a different culture. Every culture has its own nonverbal communication norms that have developed from its unique historical background. Egypt’s nonverbal communication differs from Australia’s because each developed according to its own historical background. Communicating across cultures is complicated by differences in the unique norms of nonverbal communication found in different countries. Personal Space As the background to all other nonverbal communication, space makes up the personal sphere that surrounds the body within the defendable distance that one calls their own personal space. Like any means of communication, personal space is used differently in different situations and cultures. 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Math 157 Free Essays

| Course Design GuideCollege of Natural SciencesMTH/157 Version 3Math for Elementary Teachers II| Copyright  © 2011, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is the second in a two-part series designed for K–8 preservice teachers to address the conceptual framework for mathematics taught in elementary school. We will write a custom essay sample on Math 157 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The focus of Part Two will be on measurement, geometry, probability, and data analysis. The relationship of the course concepts to the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Standards for K–8 instruction is also addressed. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Billstein, R. , Libeskind, S. , Lott, J. W. (2010). A problem solving approach to mathematics for elementary school teachers (10th ed. ). Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley. All electronic materials are available on the student website. Week One: Data Analysis| | Details| Due| Points| Objectives| 1. 1 Use appropriate statistical methods to analyze data. 1. 2 Develop predictions based on data. | | | Course Preparation| Read the course description and objectives. Read the instructor’s biography and post your own. | | | Reading| Read Ch. 9 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | Reading| Read Ch. 10 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | Reading| Read the Associate Level Material: Using MyMathLab ®. | | | Reading| Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. | | | Participation| Participate in class discussion. | | 10| Discussion Questions| Respond to weekly discussion questions. | | 10| Indiv idualMyMathLab ® Orientation| Complete the Orientation Assignment located in MyMathLab ®. | | 45| Week Two: Probability| | Details| Due| Points| Objectives| 1 2. 3 Apply basic concepts of probability. | | | Reading| Review Ch. of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | Reading| Review Ch. 10 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | Nongraded Activities and PreparationSpinner Activity| View the Spinner Activity Animation located on the student website. | | | IndividualText Problems 1| Complete Text Problems 1 located in MyMathLab ®. | | 70| IndividualProbability Games| Resources: http://www. betweenwaters. comAccess to the Probability Games on the Between Waters website by using the following directions:Go to http://www. betweenwaters. omScroll down and click on Probability Games. Locate the Coin Flip and Dice Roll games. Click Play under each activity to play the games. Play both the Coin Flip an d Dice Roll games. After you have played the games, write a 350- to 700-word paper describing your experience. Include the following in your paper:What did you learn about how probabilities are determined? What method might be the most difficult concept for children to learn and why? Post your paper as an attachment. | | 100| ————————————————- ————————————————- Week Three: Introduction to Geometry| Details| Due| Points| Objectives| 2 3. 4 Apply characteristics and properties of two- and three-dimensional geometric shapes in problem solving. 3. 5 Identify geometric figures and shapes based on mathematical arguments. 3. 6 Use visualization, spatial reasoning, and geometric modeling to solve problems. | | | Reading| Read Ch. 11 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathe matics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | Reading| Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. | | | Participation| Participate in class discussion. | | 10| Discussion Questions| Respond to weekly discussion questions. | 10| ————————————————- ————————————————- Week Four: Introduction to Geometry, Continued| | Details| Due| Points| Objectives| 3 4. 7 Apply characteristics and properties of two- and three-dimensional geometric shapes in problem solving. 4. 8 Identify geometric figures and shapes based on mathematical arguments. 4. 9 Use visualization, spatial reasoning, and geometric modeling to solve problems. | | | Reading| Review Ch. 11 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | IndividualText Problems 2| Complet e Text Problems 2 located in MyMathLab ®. | | 35| IndividualGeometry Manipulatives| Prepare an activity involving a geometric manipulative designed to teach a geometric concept to an elementary school student. You may create your own activity or modify an existing activity; if you are modifying an existing activity, however, ensure your sources are properly cited. Create a handout including the following information:A detailed description of your activity, which must include the application of the characteristics and properties of the hosen geometric shapeInstructions for conducting the activityMaterials neededNational Council of Teacher of Mathematics standards addressed| | 100| ————————————————- ————————————————- Week Five: Applications of Geometry| | Details | Due| Points| Objectives| 4 5. 10 Specify locations using coordinate geometry. 5. 11 Describe spatial relationships using coordinate geometry. 5. 12 Use symmetry to analyze mathematical situations. | | | Reading| Read Ch. 12 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | Reading| Read Ch. 4 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | Reading| Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. | | | Participation| Participate in class discussion. | | 10| Discussion Questions| Respond to weekly discussion questions. | | 10| Nongraded Activities and PreparationAnimations| View the following animations located on the student website:Grapher AnimationTransformations AnimationLady Bug Transformation Animation| | | ————————————————- ———————— Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€- Week Six: Applications of Geometry, Continued| | Details| Due| Points| Objectives| 5 6. 13 Specify locations using coordinate geometry. 6. 14 Describe spatial relationships using coordinate geometry. 6. 15 Use symmetry to analyze mathematical situations. | | | Reading| Review Ch. 12 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | Reading| Review Ch. 14 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | IndividualText Problems 3| Complete Text Problems 3 located in MyMathLab ®. | | 85| IndividualTessellation Patterns| Resource: Associate Level Material: Appendix ACreate a tessellation pattern using the Microsoft ® Paint program, the GeoGebra website, a Microsoft ® PowerPoint ® presentation, or other means available to you, or you may draw something by hand. Ask your instructor for assistance if needed. Use color and shading to create a visually-pleasing tessellation. Write a 350- to 700-word paper including the following:An explanation of why you chose the tessellated figureThe type of transformation used and whyThe actual tessellation or a picture of the created tessellation * Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. | | 100| ————————————————- ————————————————- Week Seven: Applications of Measurement| | Details| Due| Points| Objectives| 6 7. 16 Identify the relevant attributes of objects when solving problems. 7. 17 Apply appropriate techniques, tools, and formulas to determine measurements. | | | Reading| Read Ch. 13 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | Reading| Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. | | | Participation| Participate in class discussion. | | 10| Discussion Questions| Respond to weekly discussion questions. | | 10| ————————————————- ———————————————— Week Eight: Applications of Measurement, Continued| | Details| Due| Points| Objectives| 7 8. 18 Identify the relevant attributes of objects when solving problems. 8. 19 Apply appropriate techniques, t ools, and formulas to determine measurements. | | | Reading| Review Ch. 13 of A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers. | | | IndividualText Problems 4| Complete Text Problems 4 located in MyMathLab ®. | | 40| IndividualReflective Paper| Prepare a 700- to 1,050-word paper synthesizing the major concepts addressed in this course. Include the following in your paper:Summarize the major mathematical concepts of the course. Explain how the concepts learned in this course are relevant to the characteristics of a professional mathematics teacher. Determine how the course concepts have influenced your ideas and philosophy of teaching. Recommend changes to the practice of mathematics instruction based on your learning experiences in the MTH/156 and MTH/157 courses. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. | | 100| ————————————————- ————————————————- Week Nine: Mathematical Connection| | Details| Due| Points| Objectives| 8 9. 20 Synthesize the mathematical concepts addressed in this course. | | | CapstoneParticipation| Participate in class discussion. | | 10| Capstone Discussion Questions| Respond to weekly discussion questions. | | 10| Final ProjectFinal Exam| Complete the Final Exam located in MyMathLab ®. | | 225| ————————————————- Optional Discussion Questions Week One Discussion Questions How do all the branches in a tree diagram illustrate the counting principle or generate all possible outcomes? Explain your answer. * When a student is taught how to find the mean of a set of data, why might they have a difficult time accepting the answer? Provide an example. Week Three Discussion Questions How might you involve children in learning geometric concepts? Which geometric concept do you think will be most difficult for children to learn and why? * Why is three-dimensional geometry important? What difficulties might students have when working in three-dimensional geometry? Week Five Discussion Questions Why do some children have difficulty with rotational symmetry? What methods can you use to help them understand rotational symmetry? * Research the flag for the state or country in which you live. Determine the number of lines of symmetry in the flag, and describe the lines of symmetry you discover. What concept might you use this activity for in an elementary school setting? Week Seven Discussion Questions Accurate measurement of the volume of different shapes is an important mathematical concept. Review the following scenario and respond: * A student read about Volkswagen packing in the 1960s. She was interested in knowing the maximum number of students that fit into a Volkswagen car. How might you help her estimate an answer in a reasonable way? Explain. * What are one to three activities that helped you understand the concept of area? How did these activities help you understand the concept? Might the same activities help children understand the concept? Explain. Week Nine Discussion Questions What two mathematical concepts that you have learned in this course do you feel will be the most beneficial to you in the classroom? Why? * * Select one mathematical concept you have learned in this course and provide a brief example of how you could incorporate it into a lesson in the classroom. What steps would you take to ensure students understand the concept? Copyright University of Phoenix ® is a registered trademark of Apollo Group, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Microsoft ®, Windows ®, and Windows NT ® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Use of these marks is not intended to imply endorsement, sponsorship, or affiliation. Edited in accordance with University of Phoenix ® editorial standards and practices. How to cite Math 157, Essay examples

Managing Across Borders Privatization

Question: Discuss about the Managing Across Borders Privatization. Answer: Introduction: The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation that is HSBC is one of the largest banking and financial institutions and it has a customer base of more than 37 million worldwide. From the 19th century, it has started its global expansion and it has always been a long-term focused vision. In faster growing market and across international trade flows, the organization is well positioned, which would benefit from the engines of global growth (Hsbc.co.in 2017). Mission of this banking organization is connecting with customers to meet with their opportunities. It enable economies to prosper and business to thrive by helping people in realizing their ambitions and fulfilling their dreams and hopes. Vision of organization is to set the highest standards of behavior by aiming that all the customers and employees are proud of their business. HSBC aims to become leading private bank for business owners of high net worth and thereby building their commercial banking heritage. Organization opera tes in four primary segments such as wealth management, global banking, retail banking and global private banking (Amaral and Schocair 2015). HSBC has been committed to build local network with the help of branches and local agents. It went into high-risk industries and acted as local bank financing international trade. In the recent time, after a number of strategic expansions organization has dominated its presence in European and Asiapacific regions. HSBC has been shifting its focus to take proactive approach rather than being reactive. An organization enjoys international economic scale when it is seeking to expand internationally. This has occurred as HSBC has opened branches across continental Europe for selling its financial product in UK. It has been done by increasing number of outlets selling products. Diversity strategy of HSBC is based on the premise that quality of an individual service are the most important competitive differentiators (Berger et al. 2016). Reason for going international: HSBC is a leading international bank and it has strongly positioned its business to help business overcome the obstacle they face in foreign investment and trade. Organization operates in highly competitive environment and because of global market conditions; it needs to intensify its competitive position. Concentrating activities in banking organization such as HSBC has been increasing because of consolidation of competitive services industry. HSBC has been exposed to competition in financial services and capital market at local and global level alike (Bowles and Wang 2013). This is experienced in light of globalization. Some of the proactive reason for banking organization such as HSBC going international is the availability of competitive environment. HSBC intends to strategically seek out its competitive advantages by enhancing sales overseas. This is so because it may have access to resource, which may save on processing and shipping costs. Technological and regulatory changes are the main catalysts for the international expansion of the banking industry. Business system and adequate technology is an important ingredient of international expansion (Buggea et al. 2014). Integrated solution such as development process for Enterprise decision management, analytic models and software technologies internationally will help ability of HSBC to optimize profitability across the consumer-lending portfolio. This will help in supporting long-term objectives in Asian-Pacific region. HSBC needs highly scalable solutions for rolling out optimum decision strategies across the products. It will help in strengthe ning the leadership in booming consumer-lending market of Asia pacific and building rapid growth of credit card portfolio (Cagano et al. 2015). Internationalization strategy of HSBC relies on nurturing and identification of committed local partners with whom organization can entrust care for brand and innovative products. Sharing technical knowledge gained at the global level can be shared with local partners. This would enable them to create sophisticated solutions for the sophisticated consumers in the home country. If the business needs to succeed internationally, it must practice differentiation by offering unique products to niche markets. International activities are geographically well diversified. Performance of HSBC in emerging market is reinforced by the historical presence (Doz and Prahalad 2013). Emerging market gives real growth potential. Mutual funds of HSBC invested in emerging markets allow the customers to access most promising market in terms of growth. HSBC needs to focus on emerging markets for adjusting their strategies in order to capitalize and assess unanticipated opportunities. International expansi on helps in improving portfolio diversification of burgeoning investment opportunities. It would enable them to take the advantage of evolving economic growth prospects. The main competitors of HSBC are Royal bank of Scotland and Citi Group and Barclays Plc. Steps in developing international global strategies: Strategic planning forms the basis of global interdependence of any organization. Strategic planning concerning the requirement of key stakeholders and the success of its efforts helps in identification and formulation for ensuring sustainable growth of an organization. If the organization has strategic plan in place, then organization comes with the ability of anticipating opportunities and effectively responding to threats. It is critical for organization to grapple with new challenges. Risk to business is no longer isolated by geography and industry in todays globally interdependent environment (Vries 2015). Global business of HSBC is set on a global consistent business strategies and operating models. HSBC Bank Plc had established strategic alliance with Total Oil Trading SA. Such alliance has helped the bank in opening new segments to market and offer energy specific over the counter derivatives products to its clients. Alliance of HSBC with SA has come seeking to deliver HSBC has also made alliance with Global payment Inc for providing payment-processing service to merchants in United Kingdom. This strategic joint venture between HSBC and Global payment came with a number of growth opportunities. It had immediate priority of implementing number of direct key sales initiatives. This comprised of targeting specific segments if merchants, introduction of automation tool of sales force, enhancement of sale force training and using a more focused approach of sales. Capitalization on significant investment that has been made by bank in global solution development is assisted by such alliance. HSBC Plc group continues to unify in the way they present their brands across the global market. At the same time, it maintains the message of special cultural understanding and local specialization. It is likely to continue as strategy of bank for reinforcing its business in emerging markets. HSBCs communication is driven by strong customer insight that a global bank is intimidating for majority of consumers. Strategy of HSBC is executed through marketing and advertising. This is also done by living up to customer expectation by offering customer experience. It can be explained by an example, a recently launched product for brand in action that is HSBC premier, which allowed the customers to open bank accounts in 37 countries and getting assistance irrespective of their locations. Globalized execution can impart a lesson that global brands can find value that is appealing to local consumers. In this regard, organization has stared with positioning the strong brand through tweaks in communication cascades into local markets (Chey 2013). HSBC is worlds sixth largest public company according to a composite measured by Forbes magazines. It has around 4000 branches in seventy countries and territories of Asia, Africa, Oceania, South America and North America. Total strength of the organization stands at 235175 (Hsbc.co.in 2017). An organization needs to follow several steps while developing business internationally: Setting objectives of organization- Setting long-term objective is an essential step of an organization, which involves fixation and medium used for achieving those objectives. It concerns with deployment of resources for objective attainment (Sutyrin and Kovalenko 2016). Evaluating organizational environment- In the second step, general industrial and economic environment is evaluated. It comes with reviewing competitive position of organization. Such review helps in identifying competitive factors that are important for achieving success. Setting quantitative targets- Fixing the quantitative targets are the third step of international development strategy. Under this context, contribution done by organization in operating departments and products zone are identified. Aiming divisional plan- In this step, contribution made by each department to each product category are identified. For each sub unit, strategic planning is done by the organization. It makes careful analysis of trends of micro economic analysis (Yongding 2014). Networking- In this step, alternative business development strategies are included such as sponsoring, attending, conferences and networking. Organization can expand the networking by relying on web based networking group. Modification of plans aligning with international culture- Offerings of the organization needs to be modified for selling in different areas. Goal of this step is to ensure that documentation of international development demonstrate industrial objectives. Remuneration policy of organization has the achievement of strategic objectives. This is done through balancing rewarding for both short and long-term sustainable performance (Wenbing and Hongzhong 2014). Since year 2011, the group has been restructured for making it simpler and leaner. In todays time, organization has established rigorous control for protecting against misconduct and is growing financially. Through increased international connectivity, global economy has shifted long-term trends of company. HSBC has introduced regulatory changes for making financial services resilient. Organization has resulted in increased efficiency (Vavrus and Pekol 2015). It has optimized branch network and has introduced a new operating information technology model that has resulted in achievement of 4% cost reduction rate. Manual payment has been reduced by 25% through automation process (Sparrow et al. 2016). HSBC has witnessed a productivity increment in UK branches through online appointment booking and customer support. Time taken to approve the personal loan has improved from an average of twenty days to two days. Areas that are capital intensive has been the focus of organization for its usage reduction. This provide capacity for growth in areas of higher returning business and regions. On an adjusted basis. Organization has achieved the target of growing revenue faster than operating expenses. Customers are supported by providing tailored products and it has a justifiable claim for offering truly global relationship management. This mainly relates to global institutional clients and major corporate clients. Analysis of performance- In this step, performance analysis include the analysis of gap and discovering the gap between planed and desired performance. Degree of gap persisting between the long-term aspirations and actual reality of an organization is critically evaluated. Selection of strategy- This is the last step in international strategy development. In this step, after considering organizational strength, goals, limitation and potentialities, the best course of action is chosen (Steers et al. 2013). This also involves external opportunities. E-business: In order to serve the customers in a better way, organization is innovating in digital and technological innovations and thereby enhancing the security of customer data and financial transactions. Technological advancement made by the organization in financial services are improving customer experience, broadening access and lowering service delivery costs. At the same time, data that are held digitally are also exploding. This reinforces the need to bolster cyber security (Moran et al. 2014). HSBC has an urgent public policy that helps in clarifying the responsibility given the growing number of routes. HSBC operations, technology and technical support helps the organization in functioning effectively and improving satisfaction of customers. It offers to customer a wide range of career opportunities ranging from customer service position and roles of software engineering. Organization relies on technology for enhancing the productivity and this is done through appointment booking and online customer support (Shildebayev 2014). HSBC is currently investing in technology and digital feature of core payment and cash management and on Global Trade and receivable financial corporation. It has also enabled the mobile payment service in UK and US and in six markets of Hong Kong, US and UK; it has launched live chat online customer service. The customer login experience has been made simpler by making available digital secure keys (Macnaghte et al. 2014). New online banking platform has been launched. It was deployed in additional countries in the year 2016. There are some of the security concern over corporate banking of HSBC. Due to the huge technological advancement, it is required by bank to transform faster than its competitors are. There are few challenges faced by HSBC when it comes to technology. Personal banking website does not allow the customers to log on and the business accounts are not running fast. The technological issues was not attributable from external source and was not due to distributed denial of service (Eriksson et al. 2014). Organization also suffered major online banking services as the customers have not been able to access their online banking accounts as result of internal technical issue. In the recent time, HSBC also faced internet fraud and crime. It was however removed by mitigating measures taken by organization intending to reduce credit and losses resulting from fraud through digital channels. Internet banking of HSBC has come under denial of service attack. This had an impact on personal websites of the customers. There was also payment failure, which was mainly because of the backlog caused by some mega payment. E business challenge concerns technical glitches mainly with online banking (Jensen and Petersen 2014). Entry Strategies: In order to strengthen the global reach and portfolio products, HSBC has expanded its business in other foreign market; it has been focusing on Foreign Direct Investment. This strategy is adopted to enter any new country intending to geographical reaching in the world. This entry strategy is regarded as Foreign direct investment as it represents a direct involvement in the economy having long-term relationships. HSBC has gained the competitive advantage and success in the international market, various strategies has been used. Managing for growth is another strategy used by organization, which has helped the company in strengthening and development. This strategy has guided the company in maintain the top position among its competitors as it is aligned with organizational objectives (Yongding 2014). Organization has made use of strategic management for ensuring that business is helpful in gaining profits at local and international level. It is well acquainted in the name of company that the possession of goods in industry helps in becoming pleasing by the customers. Responsibility has been implemented at the corporate level and this will assist in recognizing accountability to customers (Huang et al. 2014). While entering new market, HSBC experiments with a technique called smart value positioning. It enables selling high product at the premium price. Expansion is also done by directly seeking the vendors. HSBC has also adopted the branding strategy while entering the new markets. A strong corporate brand act as a face of strategy portraying needs and objectives of corporates in the market place. It implements a stringent corporate branding strategy. Same common expression with a simple advertising strategy are adopted by HSBC throughout the globe. Such strategy helps in bridging the cultural gaps by portraying many faces of same strategy (Franois 2013). Recommendation: In the light of skeptic economic situation, it is recommended to HSBC to adopt the wait and see approach. They need to address the limitations concerning technology for ensuring that transactions and records of customer are supported by adequate expansion and capacity. For the international expansion in the emerging markets, it is required by HSBC to focus on implementing their plan. In developing country, one of the requirement for market entry is establishing an alliance with local firms. Developed countries allow foreign banks to establish through subsidiaries, offices and branches (Gikundi 2015). Emerging market based banks are arising due to global economic crisis. An important step to be taken by emerging market-based banks is to develop relationships with local regulators and possessing detailed knowledge of local regulations as well. In this regard, HSBC needs to understand the regulations they are facing because of international expansion. Alternative investment funds of bank should be able to harmonize information into platform of single data and thereby generating customized solutions for clients and greater transparency. Investment should be made in comprehensive data strategy wrapping data in advanced data modelling. Allocation of resources should be done by identifying and weighing risks and a vigilant approach should be adopted to cyber preparedness. For dealing with cyber breaches, there should be an established an incident response team (Ravasi 2015). Financial projections and strategy should be carefully reappraised. This is so because plans, budget, transactions and strategies need revision. There is a need to have transparent understanding of decision-making process, for which HSBC should adopt comprehensive contingency strategy. HSBC should also modify its strategies in order to comply with the tightened regulations and economic downturn. Conclusion: The assignment requires gaining a wide understanding of the internationalization of HSBC. Various factors such as entry strategies, E business and strategic planning have been discussed. This gives a deep insight into the strategies adopted by organization, which is an essential factor for success. Internationalization of HSBC has been associated with wide range of factors as it bring together various benefits to customers. With the development and improvement of products, company will be able to deliver the growth by enhancement of its culture in international markets. From the above discussion, it can be concluded that HSBC has been successful in maintaining competitive position in the markets it serve. Internationalization of banks has been a mixed blessing of shareholders for over a long period. Relationship between the consumers and producers in the market has been affected by brand image of organization. Investment made in client and sales management has resulted an increment i n average deposits by customers. Global footprint of organization has formed the basis of strong position in transaction banking products and this support global capital and trade flow. Networking scale of HSBC helps in offering the products to a larger customer base and thereby creating business synergies. HSBC was equally strong in maintaining brand image that brought success to the organization. Variety of products have been managed to be accommodated at the international level. This helped in establishment of reputation of company. Various strategies have been adopted by banking organization for dealing with the customers. However, there are few technological challenges faced by organization, which have been improved by adopting some standards. Reference: Amaral, M. and Schocair, M., 2015. Privatization, Modernization and Internationalization: How a steel Brazilian company turns a global raw materials player. InII WINIR Conference, Rio de Janeiro. Berger, A.N., El Ghoul, S., Guedhami, O. and Roman, R.A., 2016. Internationalization and bank risk.Management Science. Bowles, P. and Wang, B., 2013. Renminbi internationalization: a journey to where?.Development and Change,44(6), pp.1363-1385. Buggea, E., Castiglione, R., Cerquitelli, T., Grosso, L., Rontini, G., Scolari, A. and Xiang, L., 2014. Internationalization services for small and medium enterprises: a case study. Caganova, D., Cambal, M. and Weidlichova Luptakova, S., 2015. Intercultural managementtrend of contemporary globalized world.Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika,102(6), pp.51-54. Chey, H.K., 2013. The Concepts, Consequences, and Determinants of Currency Internationalization. Chey, H.K., 2014. The political economy of currency internationalization.Handbook of the International Political Economy of Monetary Relations, p.39. Doz, Y. and Prahalad, C.K., 2013, January. Quality of management: An emerging source of global competitive advantage?. InStrategies in Global Competition (RLE International Business): Selected Papers from the Prince Bertil Symposium at the Institute of International Business, Routledge(pp. 345-368). Eriksson, K., Jonsson, S., Lindbergh, J. and Lindstrand, A., 2014. Modeling firm specific internationalization risk: An application to banks risk assessment in lending to firms that do international business.International Business Review,23(6), pp.1074-1085. Franois Outreville, J., 2013. A commentary on home-region internationalization in financial groups from emerging economies.Multinational Business Review,21(2), pp.195-207. Gikundi, R.K., 2015.Effects Of Speed Of Internationalization On Performance Of Listed Indigenous Financial Services Companies In Kenya(Doctoral dissertation, University of Nairobi). Huang, Y., Wang, D. and Fan, G., 2014. Paths to a reserve currency: internationalization of the renminbi and its implications. Jensen, P.D.. and Petersen, B., 2014. Value creation logics and internationalization of service firms.International Marketing Review,31(6), pp.557-575. Macnaghten, P., Owen, R., Stilgoe, J., Wynne, B., Azevedo, A., De Campos, A., Chilvers, J., Dagnino, R., Di Giulio, G., Frow, E. and Garvey, B., 2014. Responsible innovation across borders: tensions, paradoxes and possibilities.Journal of Responsible Innovation,1(2), pp.191-199. Moran, R.T., Abramson, N.R. and Moran, S.V., 2014.Managing cultural differences. Routledge. Ravasi, C., 2015.Internationalization of managerial careers: three research articles(Doctoral dissertation, Universit Jean Moulin Lyon 3). Shildebayev, D., 2014. Exit Decision of Multinationational Banks. The Case of HSBC Kazakhstan. Sparrow, P., Brewster, C. and Chung, C., 2016.Globalizing human resource management. Routledge. Steers, R.M., Nardon, L. and Sanchez-Runde, C.J., 2013.Management across cultures: Developing global competencies. Cambridge University Press. Sutyrin, S.F. and Kovalenko, V.N., 2016. Internationalization of currency in East Asia: premises, implementation, possible prospects. - . 5. , (1). Vavrus, F. and Pekol, A., 2015. Critical Internationalization: Moving from Theory to Practice. InFIRE: Forum for International Research in Education(Vol. 2, No. 2, p. 2). Vries, R., 2015.The internationalization process of high-end insulation products for the Chinese market-effective approach for Rockwool Technical Insulation for improving their market share in China(Master's thesis, University of Twente). Wenbing, S. and Hongzhong, L., 2014. RMB Internationalization, Exchange Rate Fluctuation and Exchange Rate Expectations.Studies of International Finance,8, p.002. Yongding, Y., 2014. How Far Can Renminbi Internationalization Go?. Hsbc.co.in. (2017).HSBC India: Personal, Corporate Banking, Credit Cards, NRI Services | HSBC India. Available at: https://www.hsbc.co.in/1/2/homepage [Accessed 28 Feb. 2017].

SA 10th Grade- Poetry Test- 2 Flashcard

SA 10th Grade- Poetry Test- 2

Renault FT Tank in World War I

Renault FT Tank in World War I The Renault FT, often referred to as the FT-17, was a ground-breaking tank design which entered service in 1918. A French light tank, the FT was the first tank to incorporate many design aspects which are now considered standard such as a fully-rotating turret and rear engine compartment. Small by World War I standards, the FT was intended to swarm through the enemys lines and overwhelm defenders. Used by French and American forces on the Western Front, the design was produced in large numbers and retained by many nations until the early days of World War II. Development The origins of the Renault FT may be traced to an early meeting between Louis Renault and Colonel Jean-Baptiste Eugà ¨ne Estienne in 1915. Overseeing the fledgling French tank corps which had been created during the early years of World War I, Estienne hoped to have Renault design and build an armored vehicle based on the Holt tractor. Operating with the backing of General Joseph Joffre, he was seeking firms to moved the project forward. Though intrigued, Renault declined citing a lack of experience with tracked vehicles and commenting that his factories were already operating at capacity. Not to be demurred, Estienne took his project to Schneider-Creusot which created the French Armys first tank, the Schneider CA1. Though he had declined the initial tank project, Renault commenced developing a design for a light tank that would be relatively simple to produce. Assessing the landscape of the time, he concluded that existing engines lacked the necessary power-to-weight ratio to allow armored vehicles to successfully clear trenches, shell holes, and other obstacles. As a result, Renault sought to limit his design to 7 tons. As he continued to refine his thoughts on a light tank design, he had another meeting with Estienne in July 1916. Increasingly interested in smaller, lighter tanks which he believed could overwhelm defenders in ways that larger, heavier tanks could not, Estienne encouraged Renaults work. While this support would proved critical, Renault struggled to gain acceptance of his design from Minister of Munitions Albert Thomas and the French high command. After extensive work, Renault received permission to build a single prototype. Design Working with his talented industrial designer Rodolphe Ernst-Metzmaier, Renault sought to bring his theories into reality. The resulting design  set the pattern for all future tanks. Though fully-revolving turrets had been used on a variety of French armored cars, the FT was the first tank to incorporate this feature. This allowed the smaller tank to fully utilize a single weapon rather than needing multiple guns mounted in sponsons with limited fields of fire. The FT also set the precedent for placing the driver in the front and the engine in the rear. The incorporation of these features made the FT a radical departure from previous French designs, such as the Schneider CA1 and the St. Chamond, which were little more than armored boxes. Operated by a crew of two, the FT mounted a rounded tail piece to aid in crossing trenches and included automatically tensioned tacks to help prevent derailments. Crew positions in a Renault FT-17 tank. National Archives and Records Administration To ensure that engine power would be maintained, the power plant was designed to operate effectively when slanted to allow the tank to traverse steep slopes. For crew comfort, ventilation was provided by the engines radiator fan. Though in close proximity, no provision was made for crew communication during operations. As a result, gunners devised a system of kicking the driver in the shoulders, back, and head to transmit directions. Armament for the FT typically consisted of either a Puteaux SA 18 37 mm gun or a 7.92 mm Hotchkiss machine gun.   Renault FT - Specifications Dimensions Length: 16.4 ft.Width: 4.8 ft.Height: 7 ft.Weight: 7.2 tons Armor Armament Armor: 0.86 in.Armament: 37 mm Puteaux gun or a 7.92 mm Hotchkiss machine gunAmmunition: 238 x 37mm projectiles or 4,200 x 7.62mm ammunition Engine Engine: 39 hp gasoline engineSpeed: 4.35 mphRange: 40 milesSuspension: Vertical SpringsCrew: 2 Production Despite its advanced design, Renault continued to have difficulty getting approval for the FT. Ironically, its chief competition came from the heavy Char 2C which was also designed by Ernst-Metzmaier. With the relentless support Estienne, Renault was able to move the FT into production. Though he had Estiennes support, Renault competed for resources with the Char 2C for the remainder of the war. Development continued through the first half of 1917, as Renault and Ernst-Metzmaier sought to refine the design. By the end of the year, only 84 FTs had been produced, however 2,613 were built in 1918, before the end of hostilities. All told, 3,694 were constructed by French factories with 3,177 going to the French Army, 514 to the US Army, and 3 to the Italians. The tank was also built under license in the US under the name Six Ton Tank M1917. While only 64 were finished before the armistice, 950 were eventually constructed. When the tank first entered production, it had a round cast turret, however this varied depending on the manufacturer. Other variants included an octagonal turret or one made from bent steel plate. French Renault FTs advance through Vaux, 1918. Library of Congress Combat Service The FT first entered combat on May 31, 1918, at Foret de Retz, south-west of Soissons, and aided the 10th Army in slowing the German drive on Paris. In short order, the FTs small size increased its value as it was capable of traversing terrain, such as forests, that other heavy tanks were incapable of negotiating. As the tide turned in the Allies favor, Estienne finally received large numbers of the tank, which allowed for effective counterattacks against German positions. The FT saw use at the Second Battle of the Marne as well as during the Saint-Mihiel and Meuse-Argonne Offensives. Widely used by French and American forces, the FT ultimately participated in 4,356 engagements with 746 being lost to enemy action. Postwar Following the war, the FT formed the armored backbone for many nations, including the United States. The tank saw subsequent action in the Russian Civil War, Polish-Soviet War, Chinese Civil War, and Spanish Civil War. In addition it remained in the reserve forces for several countries. During the early days of World War II, the French still had 534 operating in various capacities. In 1940, following the German drive to the Channel which isolated many of Frances best armored units, the entire French reserve force was committed, including 575 FTs. With the fall of France, the Wehrmacht captured 1,704 FTs. These were redeployed across Europe for airbase defense and occupation duty. In Britain and the United States, the FT was retained for use as a training vehicle. Additional FTs were retained by Vichy French forces in North Africa. These were encountered by American and British forces during the Operation Torch landings in late 1942 and were easily defeated by the Allies modern M3 Stuart and M4 Sherman tanks.

Participation and Discussion Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Participation and Discussion Questions - Essay Example The total equaled 663365. The top eBook, Kama Sutra, received a frequency of 6185. The relative frequency for Kama Sutra is 6185 / 663365 or 0.93%. The relative frequency of the top five eBooks combined is 19271 / 663365 or 2.90%. The information given on the website provides data regarding downloads of eBooks, thus the entire demand illustrated on the website is for electronic books. The frequency distribution does not tell us anything directly about the behavior of hard copies of the books. On the hand indirectly the information can be used to create buyer behavior assumptions. The normal distribution is a normal curve in the form of a bell-shaped. The curve is symmetric about its mean. If the data set I choose was plotted in a normal distribution the number of downloads of the different authors would not have results that are unevenly dispersed. There is a difference between the average and the middle point in a list. The average is calculated by adding all the numbers and dividing them by the number of entries. This is not considered the middle number in a list, since the middle number is called a median. A median is the number that is in the middle of the list of the numbers that is arranged sequentially in terms of value. In the example given the mode is the median which is the value of 3.7. A real life example is determining how long it takes for me to complete a work set. In this case the average time would be a more valuable metric than the median time since the middle point among the set is not of as much value as knowing how much it typically takes me to complete a job. In order to find the middle point in a set I would write down all the different times it takes to complete the task. Then I would arrange the number from bottom to top. (ex. 2,6,8, etc.). This would create a list. The number in the middle of the list is the median. In making statistical decisions managers have to take into consideration different variables such as size